Introduction

Prostate cancer is becoming an increasingly prevalent concern among men worldwide. Alarmingly, it ranks as the second most common cancer among men globally, and in Thailand, it's the fourth most common cancer affecting the male population. With around 7,830 new diagnoses each year in Thailand and a staggering global count of approximately 1.5 million new cases, awareness and proactive health measures are critical in tackling this disease.

Understanding the Risks

Key warning signs of prostate cancer include abnormal urination, blood in the urine, and severe pain in the lower back, pelvis, or thighs. It’s important to note that these symptoms can often mirror those of benign conditions, complicating early detection. Researchers indicate that hereditary factors do play a role in the likelihood of developing this cancer, particularly for men with a strong family history of prostate cancer.

In 2022, the World Health Organization reported that around 3,829 men in Thailand succumb to prostate cancer annually, emphasizing the urgent need for increased awareness and education about monitoring and screening for the disease.

Expert Insights and New Developments

In a recent seminar titled "Driving Towards Better Living with Prostate Cancer," Bayer Thai Co., Ltd. convened leading experts, including Assist Prof. Pongwut Danchaivijitr from Siriraj Hospital and Prof. Dr. Kittinut Kijvikai from Ramathibodi Hospital. They discussed the critical function of the prostate gland, highlighted the importance of recognizing early warning signs, and provided updates on cutting-edge screening and treatment options in prostate cancer care.

The prostate gland, a small organ that produces seminal fluid, can develop malignant tumors when its cells grow abnormally. This underscores the need for men, especially those aged 50 and older, to undergo regular screenings and to be vigilant in recognizing changes that could signal health issues.

The Four Stages of Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer progresses through four distinct stages. Initially, it may remain asymptomatic when confined to the prostate in the first stage. As it advances, especially to the third and fourth stages, the cancer can spread to nearby tissues and even distant organs, complicating treatment methods.

Men should be particularly alert for symptoms such as: 1. Changes in urination patterns (difficulty, blood, frequent urges). 2. Persistent pain in lower back, pelvis, or thighs. 3. Fatigue, weight loss, or changes in appetite, which may indicate further progression.

Proactive Health Measures

Prof. Kittinut stressed the importance of early detection, as timely interventions can significantly improve survival rates. Suggested screening methods include a: 1. Thorough medical examination, including digital rectal examinations. 2. Blood test to measure prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels.

PSA levels above 4 ng/mL warrant further investigation, potentially leading to imaging and biopsies to establish a definitive diagnosis.

Advanced Treatment Options

For those diagnosed in the early stages, localized treatments such as radiation or surgery are usually pursued. Robotic-assisted surgeries have made these interventions safer and more effective. For advanced stages, a multimodal approach combining various therapies, including novel hormonal therapies (NHT), shows promise. These therapies are designed to inhibit testosterone's role in cancer growth and can significantly improve outcomes with reduced side effects.

Importance of Regular Health Screenings

Regular health checks are essential, particularly for men aged 50 and older, or those with a family history of prostate cancer who should start screening as early as 40-45. Bayer Thai Co., Ltd. is actively supporting campaigns to raise awareness and encourage regular screenings, highlighting that early diagnosis is key to ensuring a better quality of life.

Final Thoughts

Prostate cancer is often referred to as a "silent killer" due to its subtle onset and progression. However, understanding the risks and remaining vigilant can save lives. Men are urged to consult with healthcare professionals, adhere to screening guidelines, and engage in discussions about their health. In the battle against prostate cancer, knowledge truly is power—early detection can make all the difference.