In the realm of condensed matter physics, certain phases defy conventional explanations, showcasing what scientists term 'quantum order.' This type of order, referred to as 'topological order,' is marked by complex particle entanglements spanning entire systems, dependent on the system's shape, and remarkably resilient to local disturbances.

Traditionally, these topological phases have been observed primarily at absolute zero temperatures, as thermal fluctuations typically obliterate their intricate structures. However, researchers from Nanjing University and Yale University have just unveiled a revolutionary 3D topological phase characterized by an anomalous two-form symmetry that thrives even at non-zero temperatures, as detailed in their recent study published in Physical Review Letters.

Tyler D. Ellison, the study's senior author, revealed to Phys.org, "Recent advancements in controlling quantum systems across diverse platforms such as superconducting qubits and trapped ions have paved the way for engineering fascinating quantum states. Yet, imperfections in hardware and interference from environmental factors, like cosmic rays, complicate matters, introducing noise and errors that affect quantum operations."

Despite these challenges, Ellison and his team set out to explore quantum phases within 'noisy' systems, ultimately stumbling upon a groundbreaking non-zero temperature topological order, dubbed the fermionic toric code.

"Symmetries are key in understanding matter phases," Ellison elaborated. "While liquids exhibit continuous translational symmetry with equal probability of identifying an atom anywhere in the system, solids display discrete symmetry due to their crystal structures. More exotic phases possess anomalous symmetries that indicate a strong degree of entanglement if present."

The researchers devised a model showcasing this unique symmetry operating at non-zero temperatures. The fermionic toric code, a derivative of the established toric code used for quantum error correction, was identified as the model demonstrating this notable feat.

Ellison expressed his astonishment at discovering a quantum phase of matter in three dimensions functioning above absolute zero, especially considering that the scientific community largely believed such phases couldn't exist in 2D or 3D environments.

"While quantum phases manifest in higher dimensions, the practicality of such phenomena in experimental settings is limited to our three-dimensional world," he clarified.

This landmark study potentially lays the groundwork for developing stable quantum systems operating at equilibrium. Looking forward, Ellison’s team plans to engineer their model experimentally and explore its distinctive properties in practical applications.

"Our next phase involves creating our model on an experimental platform, ideally utilizing arrays of neutral atoms that align well with our system's interactions. Additionally, we aim to design straightforward diagnostics to confirm successful preparation of this unique phase of matter. Once realized, it could unleash new avenues for studying exotic quantum properties at higher temperatures," concluded Ellison.