
Europe Faces Largest Diphtheria Outbreak in 70 Years, Unraveled by Migration Trails!
2025-06-05
Author: Li
Unprecedented Diphtheria Surge in Europe
In a shocking turn of events, Europe has been grappling with its most significant diphtheria outbreak in seven decades! The latest study published in the New England Journal of Medicine reveals that the strain behind this outbreak has been traced along well-known migration routes, primarily affecting migrant communities rather than originating from their home countries.
A Alarming Toll: 362 Cases Across Europe
From January to November 2022, a staggering 362 diphtheria cases emerged in nine European nations, including Germany, Austria, Spain, and the UK. Germany bore the brunt with 118 reported cases, followed closely by Austria with 66. This surge is particularly alarming when you consider that just a few years prior, diphtheria had nearly been eradicated in the region due to mass vaccination efforts.
Who’s Affected? A Closer Look at the Victims
Data reveals that the majority of those infected were young male migrants, with nearly 99% being male and a median age of just 18 years. Most had recently arrived in Europe, often staying in migrant centers, making this outbreak a critical public health issue for vulnerable communities.
Origins of the Outbreak: The Migration Connection
Most of the patients hailed from Afghanistan and Syria, with a significant number traveling through the perilous Western Balkan route. Despite some patients arriving from Africa or Eastern Europe, the overwhelming trend points to migration as a driving force behind this health crisis.
A Deadly Bacterium: Strains and Symptoms
Among those affected, 77.5% experienced cutaneous diphtheria while 15.3% contracted the respiratory form. Genetic analysis revealed four distinct clusters, indicating widespread transmission. Alarmingly, many patients contracted the disease en route to their destinations, illustrating the need for vigilant health measures during migration.
Swift Response Needed: Outbreak Management
As case numbers dropped sharply by spring 2023, experts noted that proactive health response measures had seemingly mitigated the outbreak’s immediate threat. However, a recent report in 2025 highlighted ongoing risks, particularly among marginalized groups like the homeless and unvaccinated populations.
A Call to Action: Vaccination is Key
The situation underscores the critical importance of keeping vaccination levels up to date, especially for vulnerable demographics. Experts from Santé publique France emphasize that diphtheria remains a serious threat, particularly to those who are homeless or suffer from other health challenges.
The Urgency of Preparedness
As Europe continues to address this public health challenge, the need for cooperation among EU member states is vital. With reports indicating ongoing infections and new cases, a robust response is essential to prevent further outbreaks and protect communities.