Understanding Bird Migration Routes

The United States is intersected by four major migratory flyways. Pennsylvania, situated in the Atlantic Flyway, serves as a critical stopover for various species. This migration season runs predominantly from March to May, peaking with flocks of snow and Canada geese, alongside waterfowl, raptors, vultures, and songbirds.

The Risk of Avian Diseases

While these migrations provide breathtaking views, they also introduce heightened risks of diseases affecting domestic poultry. Wild birds are known carriers of avian influenza and numerous other pathogens and parasites that can severely impact the health and productivity of poultry. It is crucial for producers to stay informed about these risks and take proactive measures to bolster biosecurity.

Practical Biosecurity Measures

1. Secure Poultry Enclosures: Ensure that your poultry is confined in a sheltered area with secure walls and a robust roof. This enclosure not only protects against aerial predators but also minimizes exposure to droppings from migratory birds.

2. Careful Waste Management: When cleaning bird droppings, it's important to let them dry to reduce pathogen spread. Avoid spraying them with water which can aerosolize harmful particles.

3. Minimize Wild Bird Attraction: Implement effective stormwater management to prevent standing water that may attract waterfowl. Consider eliminating unnecessary water features near poultry areas.

4. Hygiene Practices: Avoid placing bird feeders and baths close to poultry to deter wild birds. Keep any spilled feed cleaned up to avoid attracting pests or wild birds.

5. Controlled Access: Install screens on windows and doors to keep small birds and other pests out of poultry houses. Utilize approved deterrents, such as sound devices and lasers, but consult local wildlife officials regarding regulations and permitted methods before taking action on nuisance birds.

6. Report Wild Bird Illness: Familiarize yourself with local contacts for reporting sick or dead wild birds or poultry. Each state has a USDA Wildlife Services office that can assist. In Pennsylvania, the Game Commission can be reached at 833-PGC-WILD, while sick poultry can be reported to the USDA at 1-866-536-7593.

Emergency Protocols for Avian Influenza

If you suspect avian influenza in your flock, treat it as an emergency. Promptly seek assistance, as immediate action is vital to contain the spread.

Continuous Biosecurity Practices

Establish and adhere to a robust biosecurity plan tailored to your operation. Regular cleaning and disinfecting of boots, vehicles, and surfaces when entering or exiting poultry areas can curb disease transmission.

Additionally, for those seeking further guidance, Penn State Extension offers resources on avian influenza and poultry health, ready to assist with any biosecurity inquiries. Contact your local extension office to connect with experts in the field.

By staying proactive and vigilant during this critical migration season, poultry owners can protect their flocks from potential health threats while enjoying the stunning natural spectacle of spring bird migration. Don't let avian influenza disrupt your poultry production; implement these biosecurity measures today and ensure your flocks remain safe!