As 2024 unfolds, the landscape of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia research has experienced unprecedented developments. The NeurologyLive® team tirelessly reported on clinical breakthroughs, FDA approvals, and enlightening studies that not only offered hope but also transformed treatment paradigms for millions affected by these conditions.

This year, numerous impactful stories emerged that encapsulated the evolving themes in the field of neurology. Here, we dive into the most significant findings and advancements that captured the attention of healthcare professionals and the public alike.

1. Aducanumab Trials Reveal Genetic Links to ARIA Risks

Significant research published in *Neurology* focused on the phase 3 ENGAGE and EMERGE trials of aducanumab (commonly known as Aduhelm). A genome-wide association study established a stark connection between apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype and the likelihood of experiencing amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA). This crucial finding underlines the need for genetic profiling in formulating personalized treatment strategies.

2. Revolutionary Blood Test for Alzheimer Disease

A cohort study released in *JAMA Neurology* introduced a novel plasma immunoassay capable of accurately identifying AD pathology through phosphorylated tau217 (p-tau). This breakthrough highlights the critical need for effective blood testing methods to facilitate earlier diagnosis and intervention in clinical settings.

3. Ultrasound and Aducanumab: A Game-Changer for AD Treatment

Research published in *The New England Journal of Medicine* demonstrated that combining focused ultrasound with aducanumab could lead to substantial reductions in amyloid-beta levels in Alzheimer patients. This pioneering proof-of-concept study illustrates the potential of innovative therapies to enhance treatment efficacy.

4. FDA’s New Guidance: A Beacon for Early Alzheimer Drug Development

The FDA's revised draft guidance for treating early Alzheimer’s disease represents a pivotal moment for pharmaceutical companies. By providing a clearer roadmap for drug development, it aims to facilitate therapeutic innovation even before the onset of significant dementia symptoms.

5. Eli Lilly’s Donanemab Gains FDA Approval

Following a positive review from the advisory committee, Eli Lilly's donanemab received FDA approval as a monthly infusion therapy for early symptomatic Alzheimer’s disease. Marketed as Kisunla, this treatment targets patients with mild cognitive impairment and early dementia stages, signaling a promising advancement in clinical options.

6. Innovative Treatment for Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimer Disease

The FDA authorized ALPHA-1062 (Zunveyl) by Alpha Cognition, a new-generation acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that promises minimal gastrointestinal side effects. This development is expected to improve the quality of life for those suffering from mild-to-moderate forms of the disease.

7. Long-Term Efficacy of Lecanemab Demonstrated at AAIC 2024

Recent findings from the Alzheimer’s Association International Conference (AAIC) revealed enduring benefits of lecanemab treatment over three years, alongside continued positive effects on biomarkers. This presents a strong case for the sustained use of this therapy in managing Alzheimer’s disease.

8. NeuroQuant 5.0: Advancing ARIA Detection Capabilities

The FDA's clearance of Cortechs.ai’s NeuroQuant 5.0 software represents a significant technological advancement in the quantification of MRI lesions linked to ARIA. Enhanced detection capabilities may lead to improved patient management for those undergoing anti-amyloid treatments.

9. PrecivityAD2 Test: A Paradigm Shift in Diagnosis

The PrecivityAD2 test's high accuracy in diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease through a blend of biomarkers showcased at AAIC 2024 could revolutionize diagnostic processes in clinical practice, making early identification more achievable than ever.

10. Icobrain Aria: AI Revolutionizes ARIA Monitoring

The introduction of icobrain aria, the first AI tool for detecting amyloid-related imaging abnormalities, marks a monumental leap in patient safety. This technology can provide critical support for healthcare providers managing treatment options for Alzheimer disease.

As we look ahead, the advancements and insights gained from 2024 will serve as a foundation for future research and treatment strategies, reinforcing the unwavering commitment to combat Alzheimer’s disease and dementia. The collective efforts of researchers, healthcare professionals, and regulatory agencies are set to create a brighter future for those affected by these challenging conditions. Stay tuned for more updates on this ever-evolving journey!