As winter descends upon New York City, a troubling viral stomach bug known as norovirus is sending many residents rushing to their bathrooms.

The city is experiencing a notable increase in norovirus cases this season, a rise echoed across the nation.

According to the NYC Department of Health, there were a staggering 1,264 reported cases of norovirus in December alone, a stark contrast to less than 500 cases reported during the same month in the last two years. However, health officials warn that these figures are likely an underestimation, as many cases go unreported.

Norovirus, often dubbed the "winter vomiting bug," primarily causes severe vomiting and diarrhea that typically lasts from one to three days. Yet, individuals can remain contagious for up to two weeks following symptom resolution, as outlined by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

While norovirus is not a new threat—averaging around 2,500 outbreaks per year in the U.S., with a peak occurrence between November and April—this season has shown an unusual spike in cases.

The latest data reveals that during the week of December 5, there were 91 reported outbreaks nationwide, the highest for that week since at least 2012.

Experts trace many of the current outbreaks to a new strain known as GII.17, which appears to be evading previous immunity.

Unlike the widely recognized association of norovirus outbreaks with cruise ships, in reality, these instances account for only about 1% of all reported cases. Common venues for outbreaks include restaurants, healthcare facilities, schools, and childcare centers.

Despite there being no specific treatment for norovirus, ensuring hydration remains paramount, especially for vulnerable populations like young children and the elderly.

Dr. Mahesh Polavarapu from NewYork-Presbyterian Westchester reports a doubling of norovirus cases in his emergency department compared to a typical winter.

How Norovirus Spreads

Norovirus can be contracted through various channels, including direct contact with an infected person or consuming contaminated food.

The virus can also spread via surfaces that have been contaminated, emphasizing the importance of hand hygiene.

Prevention Tips

To prevent the spread of the virus, thorough handwashing with soap and water is crucial, as alcohol-based sanitizers are ineffective against norovirus.

Individuals working in high-risk environments, such as restaurants, should maintain meticulous hygiene practices, especially during outbreaks.

It's essential for anyone feeling unwell to stay home to prevent spreading the virus.

The CDC advises against food preparation by those who are sick, and surfaces should be disinfected frequently with a bleach solution to eliminate any traces of the virus.

Recognizing Symptoms

Common symptoms of norovirus include nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, and stomach cramps, alongside possible headaches, body aches, and low-grade fever.

Dehydration can be a serious concern, particularly for young children and the elderly, manifested through reduced urine output, dry mouth, and lightheadedness.

What to Do If Infected

If you suspect norovirus, the main focus should be on staying hydrated.

Electrolyte-replenishing drinks, like Gatorade or Pedialyte, are recommended.

Those infected should self-isolate until fully recovered to minimize the risk of transmission.

When to Seek Medical Attention

While most individuals can recover without medical intervention, certain symptoms warrant an immediate trip to the emergency room.

These include persistent high fevers, extended abdominal pain, and any signs of severe dehydration or blood in the stool.

Although many are eagerly awaiting advancements in medical science, a norovirus vaccine is still not available.

Staying informed, vigilant, and practicing proper hygiene are our best defenses against this pervasive winter scourge.

Stay safe, New York!