Navigating the AI Landscape in Hong Kong

Hong Kong is stepping into the future, yet its journey into the realm of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is marked by the absence of a comprehensive legal framework. Instead, the city is focused on creating sector-specific guidelines and regulations as it invests heavily in AI development.

The Current State of AI Regulations

At present, there are no concrete laws directly governing AI within Hong Kong. Organizations operating in this space must navigate through existing sectoral laws and frameworks overseen by a variety of entities, such as the Digital Policy Office, the Privacy Commissioner for Personal Data (PCPD), and the Securities and Futures Commission (SFC), among others.

Voluntary Guidelines Taking Shape

While specific legislation is lacking, the Hong Kong government is actively publishing voluntary guidelines. For instance, the Ethical Artificial Intelligence Framework released in July 2024 sets ethical principles and governance models for organizations to adopt. Following this, the Generative AI Guidelines launched in April 2025 aim to establish best practices for the responsible use of generative AI technologies.

Future Investment in AI

In a significant move, the Hong Kong government has announced a commitment of HK$1 billion (around US$128 million) to develop the Hong Kong AI Research and Development Institute. This investment is set to accelerate the research, development, and implementation of AI technologies across various sectors.

AI and Personal Data Protection

Although there are no laws explicitly regulating AI, several existing laws target harmful practices associated with AI, particularly those infringing on personal data rights. The Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance (PDPO) mandates compliance, while the PCPD continues to develop frameworks for ethical AI usage.

A Focus on Intellectual Property Rights

As AI technology advances, so does the need for updated copyright laws. A public consultation was initiated by the Commerce and Economic Development Bureau and the Intellectual Property Department to enhance the Copyright Ordinance for better protection of AI-generated works and to tackle challenges around liability in such contexts.

Emphasizing Ethical Practices Across Sectors

Multiple industry-specific guidelines have emerged, particularly in banking, finance, healthcare, and insurance. For example, the Financial Services and the Treasury Bureau (FSTB) issued a policy statement emphasizing responsible AI use while maintaining innovation and addressing risks. The Medical Device Division has also established technical requirements for AI in healthcare, underscoring the sector's commitment to safety and effectiveness.

Key Principles for Future AI Governance

As Hong Kong forges ahead in AI governance, five key principles are being championed: compliance with legal standards, security and transparency, accuracy and reliability, fairness and objectivity, and practicality and efficiency. These principles will help guide stakeholders in navigating the complexities of AI deployment.

The Road Ahead for Hong Kong's AI Regulations

Though Hong Kong is still finding its footing in AI regulation, ongoing developments signal a proactive approach towards ensuring ethical, responsible, and legally compliant integration of AI technologies. As the regulatory landscape evolves, businesses and innovators must stay informed and ready to adapt to new guidelines that aim to foster a safe and equitable AI future.