Colorectal cancer stands as the second most prevalent cancer in the United States, ranking third in cancer-related fatalities among both men and women under 50. In a staggering statistic from 2024, approximately 153,000 Americans were diagnosed with colon or rectal cancer, resulting in over 53,000 deaths.

As we observe Colon Cancer Awareness Month this March, health organizations like Intermountain Health are intensifying efforts to inform the public about prevention and the critical importance of early detection. Early identification of colon cancer significantly enhances survival rates, boasting a 90% success rate when discovered at an early stage.

Understanding the Risk Factors

Colorectal cancer does not discriminate; however, some individuals are at a higher risk due to several factors:

- **Age**: The majority of cases arise in individuals aged 50 and older.

- **Family History**: Having relatives with a history of colon cancer or polyps can elevate your risk substantially.

- **Personal History**: Past instances of polyps or inflammatory bowel disease such as Crohn’s Disease can increase risk levels.

- **Lifestyle Choices**: Factors like a diet high in red and processed meats, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and a sedentary lifestyle contribute to a heightened risk.

Alarmingly, there has been a significant increase in colorectal cancer diagnoses among younger Americans in recent years, with a striking rise in rectal cancer cases. In 2020, approximately 11% of all colon cancer and 15% of all rectal cancer diagnoses occurred in individuals under 50.

Dr. Christine Hachem, interim medical director of gastroenterology and digestive health at Intermountain Health, emphasized, "Waiting for symptoms is too late. Screening should happen even when you feel healthy. Early detection is vital for saving lives."

This increase in younger patients often results in diagnoses at more advanced stages, which can complicate treatment. Contributing factors may include environmental influences, dietary habits, and genetic mutations, according to experts.

The Importance of Screening

Dr. Priyanka Patel, a gastroenterologist at Intermountain Health, pointed out that younger individuals often hesitate to seek screenings due to a lack of awareness about the necessity and fear regarding the procedures involved. She stated, "It is crucial for everyone, regardless of age, to understand their personal risk factors and consult with their healthcare provider about an appropriate screening strategy."

Recent national guidelines now recommend that individuals start screening via colonoscopy or stool-based tests at age 45. Colonoscopies are acknowledged as the most effective method for detecting colon cancer, as they not only identify abnormalities but also remove precancerous lesions. Intermountain Health has simplified the scheduling process for colonoscopies, allowing easier access to these essential screenings.

Typically, a colonoscopy is required every ten years, or every five years for those at increased risk, while earlier screenings may be necessary for individuals with a history of polyps or familial colon cancer.

Innovative Home-Based Testing Options

In addition to traditional screenings, Intermountain Health offers convenient home-testing options, which are helpful for those unable to attend in-person appointments:

- **Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT)**: A non-invasive test that detects hidden blood in stool, which may indicate early signs of colon cancer. Patients can perform the test at home and only require a follow-up colonoscopy if results are positive or abnormal.

- **Cologuard**: This test combines the FIT with DNA analysis to identify abnormal DNA markers in stool samples. Similar to the FIT, it allows for testing in the comfort of your home and will necessitate a colonoscopy if results are concerning.

**Why Explore Home-Based Tests?**

Home-testing kits like FIT and Cologuard offer myriad advantages:

- **Convenience**: Complete testing in the privacy of your own home without needing to schedule a doctor's visit.

- **Non-Invasive**: These tests require no preparation or sedation, making them easier for patients.

- **Accessibility**: Ideal for individuals facing barriers in obtaining colonoscopy appointments.

Take Action Now

Understanding your personal risk and exploring screening options are crucial steps in colon cancer prevention. If you are 45 or older, consider ordering a home screening kit for a hassle-free option. For those with additional risk factors, such as personal or family histories of colon cancer, consult with your healthcare provider about the best pathway to screening.

**Don’t wait for symptoms—secure your health today!** Early intervention could save your life.