A worrying rise in a respiratory virus

A worrying rise in a respiratory virus that can lead to paralyzing conditions in children has been detected across the United States, igniting fears of a resurgence of polio-like illnesses.

Recent wastewater analysis

Recent wastewater analysis has revealed a dramatic increase in the enterovirus D68 (EV-D68), which has been associated, though rarely, with acute flaccid myelitis (AFM). AFM is a serious neurological condition that primarily impacts the nervous system, causing sudden weakness in limbs, with young children being the most affected.

Experts' concerns

"We are seeing a significant uptick in EV-D68 nucleic acids in wastewater samples nationwide. The levels are rising rapidly," stated Alexandria Boehm, program director at WastewaterSCAN and a professor at Stanford University. This early data raises concerns that the U.S. could experience a spike in AFM cases this year, supported by Caitlin Rivers, an epidemiologist from the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security. "The timing is right; historically, September has been the peak month for AFM occurrences."

History of EV-D68

While enteroviruses are common and typically result in mild illnesses such as colds, the D68 strain has a troubling history. It escalated in severity beginning in 2014, which marked the first surge of pediatric AFM cases in the United States—120 cases were reported that year alone.

Impact of AFM

Unfortunately, there is no cure for AFM; many children affected endure long-term disabilities despite intensive rehabilitation. Since 2014, there have been a total of 758 confirmed AFM cases, with early signs indicating a troubling continuation into 2024 as 13 cases have already been confirmed this year.

A puzzling trend after COVID-19 lockdowns

A puzzling trend emerged after the COVID-19 lockdowns in 2020 when only 32 AFM cases were counted, even though viral transmission was still observable. The expectation was for a corresponding rise in AFM cases, but it did not materialize. "Despite the presence of the virus, there haven't been the expected numbers of AFM," explained Dr. Kevin Messacar, an infectious disease specialist. “The dynamics of the virus may have shifted, or increased immunity in the population could be playing a role."

Personal story of a family affected

Among those affected is the Kagolanu family from California. In November 2014, during a family game night, 7-year-old Vishnu suddenly lost the ability to move, spelling the beginning of a long and arduous battle with AFM. Initially, doctors struggled to link his condition to EV-D68, leaving the family in a state of confusion and fear. "It was a nightmare; we didn't know what was happening," shared Saila Kagolanu, Vishnu's mother.

Vishnu's journey

Against the odds, Vishnu, now 17, has made significant progress through years of physical therapy but still faces challenges, such as limited mobility in his right shoulder. His experience has driven him to establish a nonprofit organization called Neurostronger, which aims to support and raise awareness for children with neurological conditions. “There are ways to find joy and cope with obstacles," he expressed, striving to be a beacon of hope for others facing similar challenges.

Ongoing research and vigilance

As scientists work tirelessly to find specific treatments for EV-D68 and AFM, including promising studies on monoclonal antibodies, the escalating presence of the virus serves as a striking reminder of the risks that lie ahead. Health officials are urging vigilance as the nation braces for the upcoming respiratory virus season. Should the spike continue, families across the country could be facing severe consequences. Keep an eye on developments as this story unfolds—and remember, protecting our children starts with awareness!