Recent studies reveal a troubling trend: colorectal cancer rates among younger adults in the United States are on the rise. The American Cancer Society reports a significant jump in cases among individuals aged 55 and under, going from 11% in 1995 to 20% in 2019. Moreover, colorectal cancer has now surpassed other forms of cancer, becoming the leading cause of cancer death in men under 50 and the second in women.

Despite these alarming statistics, screening guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) typically recommend that adults ages 45 to 75 undergo routine colonoscopy screenings. This raises an important question: Should you really wait until 45 if the risk is escalating? Experts agree that certain symptoms and personal or family medical histories could be indicators that you need a colonoscopy sooner. Here’s what you should watch for:

1. Blood in Your Stool

Seeing blood in your stool, whether bright red or dark brown, is a cause for concern. Gastroenterologist Dr. Carole Macaron of the Cleveland Clinic warns, "Bleeding on and off can be a red flag." While blood may be related to less serious issues like hemorrhoids, it’s essential to consult a physician for evaluation.

2. Persistent Changes in Bowel Habits

Have you noticed your bowel habits changing significantly? Any increase or decrease in frequency, or changes in the shape and consistency of your stool, could signal a problem. Doctors recommend that if these changes persist for more than a few days, it’s time to seek medical advice.

3. Sudden Abdominal Pain or Unexplained Weight Loss

If you experience sudden, unexplained abdominal pain or weight loss, especially if you have a family history of colorectal cancer, it’s crucial to get screened. For individuals with a first-degree relative diagnosed with colorectal cancer, starting screenings at age 40—or ten years younger than the age at which the relative was diagnosed—is advised.

4. Iron Deficiency Anemia, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, or A History of Certain Cancers

Iron deficiency anemia can often indicate other health issues, particularly in men. If you have been diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), early screening is vital due to the increased risk of precancerous changes in the colon. Additionally, if you have other forms of cancer in your family or personal history, it can elevate your risk for colorectal cancer significantly.

5. Family Health History

Don’t overlook the power of family history in identifying your risk factors. If colorectal cancer runs in your family, it’s crucial to have detailed conversations with your relatives. Knowing the health histories of your parents and siblings can provide vital information that may necessitate earlier screening.

Colorectal cancer is preventable and, in many cases, treatable if caught early. If you exhibit any of these signs or have concerns related to your family history, seek medical consultation without delay.

Despite the general recommendation to start screenings at 45, it’s essential to be proactive. As Dr. Macaron notes, "There’s a clear upward trend in cases, particularly among those born in the 1990s, who face double the risk of colon cancer compared to those born in the 1950s.” Ignoring symptoms could mean delaying a diagnosis that could save your life.

Don't let fear or misinformation prevent you from taking charge of your health. Regular screenings and conversations with your healthcare provider can significantly reduce your risk of colorectal cancer and improve your overall well-being.

Stay informed, stay vigilant—your health is worth it!