The Evolution of Genomics in Livestock

For years, genomics has transformed various sectors, but now it's making a significant impact in beef cattle. This groundbreaking approach is reshaping how we breed cattle, tackle diseases, and understand animal genetics.

Meet the Expert Behind the Research

Cheryl Waldner, a leading researcher at the Western College of Veterinary Medicine, is at the forefront of metagenomics in beef cattle. Focusing on bovine respiratory disease, her research is taking place at the Livestock and Forage Centre of Excellence (LFCE), setting the stage for enhanced capabilities with new facilities coming soon at the University of Saskatchewan.

From Targeted Tests to Comprehensive Analysis

Currently, disease diagnostics mainly rely on targeted tests. These tests, often PCR-based, only detect specific diseases per sample, limiting their effectiveness. "With existing methods, I can’t find a pathogen unless I know what I’m looking for," Waldner shared at the LFCE 2025 Field Day. Metagenomics changes this entire process.

Unlocking Hidden Insights with Metagenomics

Unlike traditional tests, metagenomic sequencing doesn't require prior identification of bacteria. This revolutionary method can simultaneously identify known and unknown pathogens from a single sample, streamlining the testing process and significantly reducing both costs and storage needs.

Waldner likens old testing methods to looking for specific words in a book, while metagenomics allows researchers to read the entire story, gaining valuable insights into the health of cattle.

A Deep Dive into Calf Health

Waldner's research focuses on calves, whose noses harbor a plethora of bacteria due to their interactions with herd mates. By examining these nostrils, she’s uncovered crucial information about pathogens linked to respiratory diseases and antimicrobial resistance. This unprecedented view of antibiotic resistance dynamics is reshaping herd health strategies.

Identifying Key Pathogens With Ease

Thanks to metagenomics, Waldner can now pinpoint harmful pathogens like Mycoplasma bovis, which previously lacked commercial diagnostic tests.

Vaccination Strategies Reinvented

Furthermore, her research is paving the way for new vaccination approaches against respiratory diseases, especially concerning coronavirus in calves. Recent evidence suggests a strong link between this virus and respiratory illness, opening doors for effective vaccines.

A One-Test Wonder for Cattle Health

With this innovative technique, Waldner is developing a 'one test for all' strategy, successfully identifying common viruses like IBR, BVD, and BRSV, while also uncovering many other pathogens that typically go unnoticed.

In a world striving to keep livestock healthy, metagenomics is not just a step forward—it's a leap toward a healthier future for both cattle and the humans who depend on them.