The Hidden Dangers of Mosquito Bites

Mosquito bites are more than just an itchy annoyance; they can lead to severe health risks. With the arrival of warmer and wetter weather in Australia, it's crucial to understand the deadly diseases mosquitoes can transmit and how to defend yourself against them.

Mosquitoes: The World's Deadliest Creatures

Did you know that mosquitoes are the deadliest animals on the planet? Over half a million people lose their lives annually due to diseases spread by these pests, primarily malaria. Thankfully, malaria is rare in Australia, although sporadic cases still pop up.

Common Mosquito-Borne Diseases in Australia

The Ross River virus is Australia's most prevalent mosquito-borne illness, infecting around 5,000 people each year. While it's rarely fatal, it can lead to debilitating symptoms like fever, rash, joint pain, and extreme fatigue.

On the other hand, Murray Valley encephalitis virus, although extremely rare, can be deadly. This virus re-emerges in northern Australia, often following heavy rainfall. The flooding boosts populations of both mosquitoes and the waterbirds that carry the virus.

In coastal Victoria, certain mosquitoes can also transmit flesh-eating bacteria leading to Buruli ulcer, adding another layer of concern.

The Rising Threat of Japanese Encephalitis

Japanese encephalitis is a serious disease that can lead to fever, headaches, vomiting, and even death in rare cases. The summer of 2021-22 saw 45 cases reported in southeastern Australia, marking a disturbing trend as this virus had not been expected to spread so far.

Health authorities initially believed the virus would behave similarly to Murray Valley encephalitis, but new findings suggest feral pigs and other animals contribute to its transmission, complicating prediction models.

Weather Patterns and Mosquito Activity

Warmer temperatures and abundant water create the perfect breeding ground for mosquitoes. With the Bureau of Meteorology forecasting above-average rainfall through the end of the year, be prepared for a potential surge in mosquito populations, kicking off a 'buzzy' season.

While not every rainy season results in widespread disease outbreaks, vigilance is essential. Monitoring mosquito activity will be key to staying ahead of any potential risks.

Stay Informed and Safe

State and territory health authorities conduct yearly surveillance on mosquitoes and the pathogens they carry, aiming to provide early warnings of elevated risks.

Top Tips for Protection This Spring and Summer

Fortunately, there are proactive measures you can take to protect yourself and your loved ones from mosquito bites.

For those at risk, a vaccine against Japanese encephalitis is available, so consult a local health professional for access.

However, no vaccines exist for other mosquito-borne diseases, making bite prevention the best defense. When outdoors, wear long sleeves and pants, and apply insect repellent containing diethyltoluamide, picaridin, or oil of lemon eucalyptus on exposed skin.

Avoid relying on products like stickers or wristbands; studies indicate they aren't effective at preventing bites.

Take Charge and Stay Safe!

As mosquito season approaches, arm yourself with knowledge and protective gear. Stay vigilant to enjoy the warmer months without the threat of mosquito-borne illnesses!